10. The main materials Specific gravity,specific heat and thermal conductivity

in Science of the Infrared rays

Thermal properties of various substances

Material-Metal		Reference temperature [℃]	Density [g/cm3]	Specific heat [J/g ℃]	Thermal conductivity [W/m K]
Zinc		20	7.13	0.383	113
Aluminum		20	2.7	0.9	204
Aluminum oxide		20	3.9	0.875	30
Duralumin		20	2.79	0.84	164
Antimony		20	6.62	0.205	19
Cadmium		20	8.65	0.23	93
Gold		20	19.32	0.13	295
Silver		20	10.49	0.234	418
Tin		20	7.29	0.226	64
Bismuth		20	9.8	0.142	8
Tungsten		20	19.3	0.134	198
Titanium		20	4.54	0.528	17
Pure iron		20	7.87	0.461	67
Cast iron		20	7.28	0.461	48
Carbon steel (0.5C or less)		20	7.83	0.461	53
Carbon steel (1C)		20	7.8	0.461	45
Carbon steel (1.5C)		20	7.75	0.461	36
Chrome steel (1Cr)		20	7.87	0.461	60
Chrome steel (2Cr)		20	7.87	0.461	52
Chrome steel (5Cr)		20	7.83	0.461	38
Chrome steel (10Cr)		20	7.79	0.461	31
Chrome steel (23Cr)		20	7.68	0.461	22
Nickel steel (10Ni)		20	7.95	0.461	26
Nickel steel (20Ni)		20	7.99	0.461	19
Nickel steel (30Ni)		20	8.07	0.461	12
Nickel steel (40Ni)		20	8.17	0.461	10
Nickel steel (50Ni)		20	8.27	0.461	14
Chromium nickel steel 18Cr 8Ni		20	7.82	0.502	16
Chromium nickel steel 20Cr 15Ni		20	7.85	0.47	15
Chromium nickel steel 25Cr 20Ni		20	7.86	0.463	13
Nickel-chromium alloy 40Ni 15CrNi		20	8.07	0.461	12
Nickel-chromium alloy 80Ni 15CrNi		20	8.52	0.461	17
Silicon steel 1Si		20	7.77	0.461	42
Silicon steel 2Si		20	7.67	0.461	31
Silicon steel 5Si		20	7.42	0.461	19
Tungsten steel 1W		20	7.88	0.448	66
Tungsten steel 2W		20	7.96	0.444	63
Tungsten steel 5W		20	8.07	0.435	53
Manganese steel 1Mn		20	7.87	0.461	53
Manganese steel 2Mn		20	7.85	0.461	38
Manganese steel 10Mn		20	7.81	0.461	17
Pure copper		20	8.96	0.385	386
Copper (standard products)		20	8.9	0.419	372
Aluminum bronze 5Al		20	8.67	0.41	83
Gunmetal 10Sn 2Zn		20		0.381	48
Brass (red) 9Sn 6Zn		20	8.71	0.385	60
Seventy-three brass 30Zn		20	8.56	0.385	99
Naval brass 39.25Zn 0.75Sn		20	8.41	0.377	117
Manganin 12Mn 4Ni		20	8.15	1.72	22
German silver 15Ni 22Zn		20	8.62	0.394	29
Constantin 40Ni		20	8.92	0.41	23
Sodium		20	0.97	1.24	134
Lead		20	11.34	0.13	35
Solder (50Sn)		20	9	0.176	49
Nickel 99.9%		20	8.9	0.44	90
Nickel 99.2%		20	8.9	0.44	59
Alumel 2Al 2Mg 1Si		100	8.15		29.7
Chromel A 80Ni 20Cr		100	8.3	0.444	13.8
Monel metal		20	8.8	0.532	26
Platinum		0	21.45	0.134	70
Platinum iridium 90Pt 10Ir		0	21.62		30.8
Magnesium		20	1.74	1.03	159
Molybdenum		20	10.2	0.255	147
Uranium		20	18.7	0.117	29
Plutonium		20	19.8	0.134	0.1
Thorium		20	11.6	0.142	38
Zirconium		20	6.5	0.301	14.4
Carbon		20	2.2	0.691	23.9
Boron		20	2.33	1.29	27.4
Arsenic		20	5.73	0.328	51
Gallium arsenide		20	5.37	0.325	48
Tellurium		20	6.24	0.226	1.97 – 3.38
Beryllium		20	18.477	2.18	159.1
Indium		20	7.3	0.239	23.86
Niobium		20	8.66	0.272	58
Chromium		20	7.1	0.419	66.9
Cobalt		20	8.8	0.431	70
Germanium		0	5.36	0.306	60
Iridium		20	22.41	0.134	59
Manganese		0	7.39	0.51	43
Palladium		20	11.4	0.247	70
Potassium		0	0.862	0.723	99.2
Selenium (single crystal)		20	4.81	0.352	4.52
Silicon		20	2.33	0.678	83.7
Calcium		20	1.55	0.624	106
Cadmium		20	8.65	0.229	93

 

Material-Resin		Reference temperature [℃]	Density [g/cm3]	Specific heat [J/g ℃]	Thermal conductivity [W/m K]
Styrene-acrylonitrile-butadiene	ABS	20	0.99-1.15	1.38-1.67	0.19-0.36
Epoxy	EP	20	1.85	1.1	0.3
Tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer	ETFE	20	1.7	1.93	0.25
Tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer	FEP	20	2.12-2.17	1.17	0.25
Polyamide (nylon 6)	PA	20	1.12-1.14	1.59	0.25
Polybutylene terephthalate	PBTP	20	1.52-1.67	1.67-1.76	0.25
Polycarbonate	PC	20	1.2	1.26	0.19
Polyethylene (low density)	LDPE	20	0.91-0.93	2.3	0.33
Polyethylene (high density)	HDPE	20	0.94-0.96	2.3	0.46-0.50
Polyether ether ketone	PEEK	20	1.30-1.52	1.34	0.26
Polyether sulfone	PESF	20	1.37-1.52	1.09	0.18-0.24
Polyethylene terephthalate	PETP	20	1.47-1.67	1.26	0.31
Phenolic	PF	20	1.25-1.30	1.57-1.76	0.13-0.25
Tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer	PFA	20	2.12-2.17	1.05	0.25
Polyimide	PI	20	1.4	1.13	0.28-0.34
Polymethyl methacrylate (acrylic)	PMMA	20	1.17-1.20	1.47	0.17-0.25
Polyacetal (DURACON)	POM	20	1.41	1.47	0.23
Polypropylene	PP	20	0.90-0.91	1.93	0.125
Polyphenylene sulfide	PPE	20	1.34-1.6	1.09	0.29
Polystyrene	PS	20	1.04-1.07	1.34	0.10-0.14
Polysulfone	PSF	20	1.24-1.45	1.13	0.12-0.16
Tetrafluoroethylene	PTFE	20	2.14-2.20	1.05	0.25
Polyvinyl chloride (hard)	PVC	20	1.35-1.45	0.84-1.17	0.13-0.29
Polyvinyl chloride (soft)	PVC	20	1.16-1.35	1.26-2.09	0.13-0.17
Silicone	SI	20	2.2	1.2-1.4	0.15-0.17

 

Material-Rubber		Reference temperature [℃]	Density [g/cm3]	Specific heat [J/g ℃]	Thermal conductivity [W/m K]
Natural rubber		20	0.91	1.9	0.13
Ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM)		20	0.86	2.2	0.36
Chloroprene rubber (CR)		20	1.23	2.2	0.25
Butyl rubber (IIR)		20	0.91-0.93	1.8-1.9	0.13
Polyurethane rubber		20	1.05-1.31	1.9	0.12-0.18
Silicone rubber		20	0.97	1.6	0.2

 

Ceramics, Pottery, Glass		Reference temperature [℃]	Density [g/cm3]	Specific heat [J/g ℃]	Thermal conductivity [W/m K]
Alumina ceramics 99.7%		20	3.9	0.8	29
Alumina ceramics 93%		20	3.6	0.8	16
Forsterite ceramics		20	2.8	0.88	3.3
Steatite ceramics		20	2.7	0.84	2.5
Porcelain (porcelain)		200		0.8	0.15
Porcelain insulator		20~100	2.4	0.8	1.4
Pottery		20	2.2-2.5	1.05	1-1.6
Glass (plate)		20	2.7	0.84	0.76
Glass (Thermometers)		20	2.59	0.8	0.95
Quartz glass		20	2.21	0.71	1.35
Soda glass		20	2.59	0.75	0.74
Flint glass		20	3.15-3.9	0.5	0.6

 

Material-Other		Reference temperature [℃]	Density [g/cm3]	Specific heat [J/g ℃]	Thermal conductivity [W/m K]
Asphalt		20	2.12	0.92	0.74
Al foil		40	0.0032	1	0.043
Cellular glass		0	0.17	0.71	0.043
Mica		50	1.9-2.3	0.88	0.5
Granite		20	2.6-2.9	0.84	3.8
Talc		100	2.8	1.05-1.22	1.7-4
Talc (powder)		100	1.08	1.3	0.29
Kapok		20	0.014	1.34	0.035
Glass wool		20	0.2	0.67	0.039
Rock wool		20	0.18	0.84	0.036
Silk		0	0.1	1.38	0.046
Diatomaceous earth (Water batter after drying)		0	0.44	0.84	0.076
Diatomaceous earth (Firing, coarse powder)		50	0.32	0.84	0.062
Ice		0	0.92	2.04	2.2
Coke powder		20	1	1.21	0.19
Concrete		20	1.9-2.3	0.88	0.8-1.4
Slug cotton		30	0.2	0.75	0.04
Coal		20	1.2-1.5	1.26	0.26
Powdered coal		30	0.74	1.3	0.12
Celluloid		30	1.4	1.3	0.21
Limestone		20	1.65	0.92	0.93
Gypsum		20	1.25	1.05	0.43
Marble		20	2.5-2.7	0.81	2.8
85% carbonate magnesia		10~100	0.216	1.17	0.06
Sandbag (Soil standard containing gravel)		20	2	1.84	0.52
Sandbag (clay)		20	1.46	0.88	1.28
Bakelite		20	1.27	1.59	0.23
Pine		30	0.377	2.09-2.93	0.105
Charcoal		80	0.2	0.84	0.074
Cotton		30	0.081	1.3	0.055
Chamotte brick		200	1.7-2	0.84-0.96	0.39-0.58
Silica brick		200	1.5-1.9	0.92-1.0	0.54-1.1

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